Cryptocurrency: Cryptocurrencies are digital or virtual currencies that use cryptography for security. They are decentralized and typically operate on a technology called blockchain, which is a distributed ledger enforced by a network of computers (nodes). Bitcoin, created in 2009, was the first decentralized cryptocurrency, and since then, many others have been developed, including Ethereum, Ripple, Litecoin, and many more.  Cryptography: Cryptography is the practice and study of techniques for securing communication and data from third parties. In the context of cryptocurrencies, cryptography is used to secure transactions, control the creation of new units, and verify the transfer of assets.  Blockchain: A blockchain is a distributed and decentralized ledger that records transactions across a network of computers. It is the underlying technology behind most cryptocurrencies. Each "block" in the chain contains a list of transactions, and once a block is completed, a new one is created, forming a chain of blocks.  Crypto Wallets: Cryptocurrency wallets are digital tools that allow users to store and manage their cryptocurrencies. There are various types of wallets, including hardware wallets, software wallets, and online wallets.  Mining: Cryptocurrency mining is the process by which transactions are verified and added to the public ledger (blockchain). It involves solving complex mathematical problems, and miners are rewarded with new coins for their efforts.  Altcoins: Besides Bitcoin, there are thousands of alternative cryptocurrencies, often referred to as "altcoins." Each may have its own unique features and uses.  Decentralization: One of the key principles of cryptocurrencies is decentralization. Unlike traditional centralized systems (e.g., banks), cryptocurrencies operate on a network of distributed nodes, making them resistant to censorship and interference.